Tuskegee Debate
Opening Argument:
The Tuskegee Study was designed to analyze the progression of “untreated syphilis in the Negro Male”. the U.S government promised 400 African American men free treatment of Bad Blood. These men, most whom lived in poverty, no educated and had never seen a doctor before. The men were only told they were being tested for “Bad Blood” which does not declare the true meaning of their fatal illness. Is this considered ethical? No, because the men were not aware of there true illness, syphilis, how dangerous it could be, and the harms it could cause if not treated. Half of these men didn’t even know they had syphilis. They were misinformed about the nature of the study in which there were participants. A basic guideline for human subject research, specified both in the Nuremberg Code and the Belmont Report is the requirement of informed consent. One survivor quoted, “I don’t know what they used us for. I ain’t never understood the study.”
This project was designed to only last 6 - 9 months, but went on for 40 years from 1932 to 1972. Most of all, for 40 years, from the original 400 African men, 28 men have directly DIED from syphilis, and more than 100 were dead from related complications. 40 wives had been infected, and 19 children had been born with congenital syphilis. In the Nuremberg code of ethic, it states that “experiment should be so conducted as to avoid all unnecessary physical and mental suffering. No experiment should be believed that death or disabling injury will occur.”
What Knowledge was gained from this 40 year experiment? Where was the science behind this experiment? The doctor’s clearly understood that bismuth, neoarsphenamine, and mercury were dangerous and poisonous but continuously gave the men the medicine. In such small amounts that only 3 percent showed any improvement. No new drugs were tested to cure syphilis. It took almost forty years before someone involved in the study took a hard and honest look at the end results, reporting that “nothing learned will prevent, find, or cure a single case of infectious syphilis or bring us closer to our basic mission of controlling venereal disease in the United States.” Harry Reasoner described it as an experiment that “used human beings as laboratory animals in a long and inefficient study of how long it takes syphilis to kill someone.”
Second Argument
When a reliable drug to cure syphilis became available in 1942, the men were withheld from obtaining this medicine. Why did the PHS refuse to give the male the correct medicine that could obtain or cure the infection? A few men who questioned the study’s non-therapeutic protocol were warned the “dangers” of taking Penicillin. The PHS and the doctors deliberately LIED to the men, and gave them false information. This abuses the right and regulations of the Nuremberg code of ethics.
If they did find some implications in this project, WHY did they continue on with the project? Why did they allow 28 men to die? And over 100 to die from implications? Yes, they had a purpose, the purpose was to cure syplilis
In 1965, 33 years after the study’s initiation, Dr. Irwin Schatz became the FIRST medical professional to formally object to the Study on moral grounds. The PHS ignored his complaint. Peter Buxtin, started questioning the morality of the study also, but the PHS recommended that the study continued. If it wasn’t for him, to contact an associate press, and to make the problem public, they would probably still continue on with the experiment.
The Tuskegee study group decided to salvage their work and perform a prospective study equivalent to the Oslo Study. This was not inherently unethical; since there was nothing the investigators could do therapeutically at the time, they could study the natural progression of the disease as long as they did not harm their subjects. They reasoned that the knowledge gained would benefit humankind. In the end, however, they did harm their subjects, by depriving them of appropriate treatment after it had been discovered. The study was characterized as "the longest non-therapeutic experiment on human beings in medical history."
Summary
The Tuskegee experiment was deliberately unethical. The men’s status did not warrant ethical debate. They were subjects, not patients; clinical material, not sick people. It would have been understandable if these men were aware of the full detail of the experiment. Human subjects have a right to informed consent, protection from harm, privacy and the benefit of the knowledge gained from the research. These men were denied everything that the ethical standards represented. The data for the experiment was to be collected from autopsies of the men, and they were thus deliberately left to degenerate under the ravages of tertiary syphilis—which can include tumors, heart disease, paralysis, blindness, insanity, and death. One of the doctors involved explained, “we have no further interest in these patients until they die.”
Yes. This experiment was racist, inhumane and unethical. The debate was to find out if syphilis affected the neurological functions of whites and the cardiovascular systems of blacks. A study proved the opposite that cardiovascular damages were more common while neurological dysfunctions was rare. The study began in 1928 with the Julius Rosenwald and the findings regarding the whites were published in 1929. Yet, a study that was intended to last 6 to 9 months lasted 40 years. The fact that whites still ruled blacks back then along with poverty, lack of health care and education made them willing yet uniformed
The data for the experiment was to be collected from autopsies of the men, and they were thus deliberately left to degenerate under the ravages of tertiary syphilis—which can include tumors, heart disease, paralysis, blindness, insanity, and death. “As I see it,” one of the doctors involved explained, “we have no further interest in these patients until they die.”
Although the PHS touted the study as one of great scientific merit, from the outset its actual benefits were hazy. It took almost forty years before someone involved in the study took a hard and honest look at the end results, reporting that “nothing learned will prevent, find, or cure a single case of infectious syphilis or bring us closer to our basic mission of controlling venereal disease in the United States.”
When the experiment was brought to the attention of the media in 1972, news anchor Harry Reasoner described it as an experiment that “used human beings as laboratory animals in a long and inefficient study of how long it takes syphilis to kill someone.”

Tuesday, December 8, 2009
Monday, November 23, 2009
scientific method is an orderly and systematic approach to gather knowledge. With this approach, new ideas about the world are constantly checked against reality. We can also think of the scientific method as a way of answering questions about the world we live in.
observations, or records facts of what is seen.
hypothesis, a tentative answer to the question.
experiment, the scientist carefully records and analyzes data, or information, gathered in the experiment.
conclusion, which the scientists interprets carefully. From the interpretation, or inference, the result may raise new questions and lead to new hypotheses and new experiments.
natural law, which describes how nature behaves but does not explain why nature behaves in that particular way. It often takes a mathematical form.
theory explains why nature behaves in the way described by the natural law
model is a mental picture that helps us to understand what it is that we are observing.
qualitative observation would be one where we try to answer what is present and present some description of what is present.
quantitative observation is one that is concerned with how much of each is present or with the dimensions of the object
law is a summary of the results of our observations.
observations, or records facts of what is seen.
hypothesis, a tentative answer to the question.
experiment, the scientist carefully records and analyzes data, or information, gathered in the experiment.
conclusion, which the scientists interprets carefully. From the interpretation, or inference, the result may raise new questions and lead to new hypotheses and new experiments.
natural law, which describes how nature behaves but does not explain why nature behaves in that particular way. It often takes a mathematical form.
theory explains why nature behaves in the way described by the natural law
model is a mental picture that helps us to understand what it is that we are observing.
qualitative observation would be one where we try to answer what is present and present some description of what is present.
quantitative observation is one that is concerned with how much of each is present or with the dimensions of the object
law is a summary of the results of our observations.
Thursday, September 17, 2009
canadian history
Canadian History Timeline
Throughout the years, Canada has changed dramatically whether the outcomes were either good or bad. Canada today, has different perspectives and rules from when Canada was first established. Once ruled by the British Colony, to having our own government. People have more rights and freedom today, from 16 years ago. Today in Canada, we see many different faces, whether their skin is different, they speak a different language or to dressing to their culture. Throughout my lifetime, there have been many important headlines each and every day. Not a day has passed where nothing affects against our country. One important feature of today’s history of Canada is when the supreme court of Canada ruled that rights of homosexuals against discrimination. (The Canadian Encyclopedia, May 15, 1995). By the court protecting the rights of homosexuals, today we see more and more people being able to walk out with their spouse wither if they were gay or lesbian. This dwells on to my personal experience because, my older cousins have friends that are homosexuals. They were really nice people and I grew very fond and close to them. If this were 15 years ago, homosexuals did not have the right to be together, and was marriage out of the question. This historical event is important to me because, many people out there in the world have freedom to love there own kind without no boundaries.
Another
Throughout the years, Canada has changed dramatically whether the outcomes were either good or bad. Canada today, has different perspectives and rules from when Canada was first established. Once ruled by the British Colony, to having our own government. People have more rights and freedom today, from 16 years ago. Today in Canada, we see many different faces, whether their skin is different, they speak a different language or to dressing to their culture. Throughout my lifetime, there have been many important headlines each and every day. Not a day has passed where nothing affects against our country. One important feature of today’s history of Canada is when the supreme court of Canada ruled that rights of homosexuals against discrimination. (The Canadian Encyclopedia, May 15, 1995). By the court protecting the rights of homosexuals, today we see more and more people being able to walk out with their spouse wither if they were gay or lesbian. This dwells on to my personal experience because, my older cousins have friends that are homosexuals. They were really nice people and I grew very fond and close to them. If this were 15 years ago, homosexuals did not have the right to be together, and was marriage out of the question. This historical event is important to me because, many people out there in the world have freedom to love there own kind without no boundaries.
Another
Thursday, June 11, 2009
Industry and Trade Flow Chart of a Product
McDonald’s Hamburger Flowchart
There are four primary industries that are involved in the production of making a McDonalds Hamburger. First there is the agriculture that wheats grow to produce bread. Tomatoes grow to make the ketchup. Onions to grow in the field to add died onions in the hamburger. Secondly, there is a slaughter house that kills the cow for it’s beef. Thirdly, the forest industry cuts down trees for the pulp that make the box for the hamburger to be given out in.
Second Industry include a factory that are chopped and precooked tomatoes are pumped into pulping machines, or cyclones, which separate seeds, skins, and stems from the pulp. The pulp and juice are filtered through screens and processed further into ketchup. The sifted flour is poured into an industrial Yeast is added. Mix. The dough is placed in covered metal bowls and stored in a temperature-controlled room until it rises. After the dough has fermented, it is loaded with rotating blades that cut the dough . A conveyer belt then moves the pieces of dough to a molding machine. When the dough is formed, it is conveyed to a second molding machine. From then the pans enter a tunnel oven. When baked and partially cooled the loaves are mechanically dumped from the pans onto shelves. The baking and cooling process lasts approximately 30 minutes. Onions are sorted, cleaned and processed, diced and bagged to be sent out to McDonalds. The process of beef is a cow being slaughtered at a slaughter house, sent to a facorty to be thoroughly inspected. Cleaned, packaged and sent off to McDonalds. Plastic bag process starts with a resin machine, through a heated screw, forced to mix and melt to a liquid state. Screw forces the melted resin through a die forcing it into a tube. Blowing air through the center. Travels up a tower to cool the melted plastic. Once cooled, flattened and travels down to the set of rollers. When the plastic reaches the bottom, it is wound on a large roll. Lastly, pulp and paper company takes the log and make a small box from the pulp. Dye and ink companies print the labels on the box.
The tertiary industry provides the services for the product. There are a number of tertiary industries involved. First, transportation industries ship the products to McDonalds Industries. McDonalds firm market the product once its put together. McDonalds sell the hamburger to the customers. Customers purchase hamburgers throughout the whole day. Recycling companies take the used boxes and prepare them fore other uses.
Quarternary industries is the hardest but most best industry to choose from all four. McDonald Avdertisers use this information to help them make ads for people to come eat at McDonalds. Farmers, loggers and plastic companies will also benefit from the information knowing how much more they need to produce. They help keep track of there supply.
McDonald’s Hamburger Flowchart
There are four primary industries that are involved in the production of making a McDonalds Hamburger. First there is the agriculture that wheats grow to produce bread. Tomatoes grow to make the ketchup. Onions to grow in the field to add died onions in the hamburger. Secondly, there is a slaughter house that kills the cow for it’s beef. Thirdly, the forest industry cuts down trees for the pulp that make the box for the hamburger to be given out in.
Second Industry include a factory that are chopped and precooked tomatoes are pumped into pulping machines, or cyclones, which separate seeds, skins, and stems from the pulp. The pulp and juice are filtered through screens and processed further into ketchup. The sifted flour is poured into an industrial Yeast is added. Mix. The dough is placed in covered metal bowls and stored in a temperature-controlled room until it rises. After the dough has fermented, it is loaded with rotating blades that cut the dough . A conveyer belt then moves the pieces of dough to a molding machine. When the dough is formed, it is conveyed to a second molding machine. From then the pans enter a tunnel oven. When baked and partially cooled the loaves are mechanically dumped from the pans onto shelves. The baking and cooling process lasts approximately 30 minutes. Onions are sorted, cleaned and processed, diced and bagged to be sent out to McDonalds. The process of beef is a cow being slaughtered at a slaughter house, sent to a facorty to be thoroughly inspected. Cleaned, packaged and sent off to McDonalds. Plastic bag process starts with a resin machine, through a heated screw, forced to mix and melt to a liquid state. Screw forces the melted resin through a die forcing it into a tube. Blowing air through the center. Travels up a tower to cool the melted plastic. Once cooled, flattened and travels down to the set of rollers. When the plastic reaches the bottom, it is wound on a large roll. Lastly, pulp and paper company takes the log and make a small box from the pulp. Dye and ink companies print the labels on the box.
The tertiary industry provides the services for the product. There are a number of tertiary industries involved. First, transportation industries ship the products to McDonalds Industries. McDonalds firm market the product once its put together. McDonalds sell the hamburger to the customers. Customers purchase hamburgers throughout the whole day. Recycling companies take the used boxes and prepare them fore other uses.
Quarternary industries is the hardest but most best industry to choose from all four. McDonald Avdertisers use this information to help them make ads for people to come eat at McDonalds. Farmers, loggers and plastic companies will also benefit from the information knowing how much more they need to produce. They help keep track of there supply.
Department of Agriculture
Winnipeg Free Press
1355 Mountain Avenue
Winnipeg, MB R2X 3B6
Dear Department of Agriculture,
Hi, my name is Alisa Phrakonekham. I am a student at Kildonan East Collegiate, and I am writing a letter to you concerning the use of chemicals in our food. In my point of view, chemicals in our food is a threat to our living and that we should stop using it.
Chemicals in most cases know that it’s a harmful thing to our bodies and our environment. Chemicals are bad nature to people and we know that it could really cause a problem to our health. Sure its good for pests/bugs to stay away from our food, but really its hurting the environment. Its polluting our air. Even though documents say that there are no side affects to chemicals in our food, they don’t know the long term affects. They’re only thinking of the short term affects of chemicals in our food. With organic grown foods, it minimizes diseases. Because with chemicals, what if a farmer didn’t know what he way spraying in his crops. It’s going out to the markets for customers to buy and eat. It can cause a problem making us all fall ill. Farmers that do not spray chemicals in their crops are farmers that are concerned about their crops. They care for their crops and care for the people consuming it. Even though chemicals make more food production, enhance appearance, stops pests etc, its not worth risking my life or having anything wrong with my body. Chemicals can poison wildlife and it can target plants and other animals that are not targeting. Chemicals that ruin wildlife ruin animals that live in that wildlife. Ruin their habitats and their way of living. If an animal in that area consumes the food, they can fall ill and die. Incorrect chemicals can damage crops/livestock. If their crops get damage, there goes the profit. They’ll have to start over, which all their hard work goes to waste. Chemicals can cause mutation in foods. But of course they’d throw it out, not wanting customers to know what happens when chemicals are submitted. Eating organic foods is all natural, and you feel good eating it knowing no harmful things have happened to the product.
I hope this encourages you to throw this out to the real world more, because this is a big issue concerning us people. People should start realizing what they eat. If there are chemicals added, I think they should label their products so people know if there are or not any chemicals submitted. Thanks for your time reading my letter, I hope you take this into consideration.
Sincerely,
Winnipeg Free Press
1355 Mountain Avenue
Winnipeg, MB R2X 3B6
Dear Department of Agriculture,
Hi, my name is Alisa Phrakonekham. I am a student at Kildonan East Collegiate, and I am writing a letter to you concerning the use of chemicals in our food. In my point of view, chemicals in our food is a threat to our living and that we should stop using it.
Chemicals in most cases know that it’s a harmful thing to our bodies and our environment. Chemicals are bad nature to people and we know that it could really cause a problem to our health. Sure its good for pests/bugs to stay away from our food, but really its hurting the environment. Its polluting our air. Even though documents say that there are no side affects to chemicals in our food, they don’t know the long term affects. They’re only thinking of the short term affects of chemicals in our food. With organic grown foods, it minimizes diseases. Because with chemicals, what if a farmer didn’t know what he way spraying in his crops. It’s going out to the markets for customers to buy and eat. It can cause a problem making us all fall ill. Farmers that do not spray chemicals in their crops are farmers that are concerned about their crops. They care for their crops and care for the people consuming it. Even though chemicals make more food production, enhance appearance, stops pests etc, its not worth risking my life or having anything wrong with my body. Chemicals can poison wildlife and it can target plants and other animals that are not targeting. Chemicals that ruin wildlife ruin animals that live in that wildlife. Ruin their habitats and their way of living. If an animal in that area consumes the food, they can fall ill and die. Incorrect chemicals can damage crops/livestock. If their crops get damage, there goes the profit. They’ll have to start over, which all their hard work goes to waste. Chemicals can cause mutation in foods. But of course they’d throw it out, not wanting customers to know what happens when chemicals are submitted. Eating organic foods is all natural, and you feel good eating it knowing no harmful things have happened to the product.
I hope this encourages you to throw this out to the real world more, because this is a big issue concerning us people. People should start realizing what they eat. If there are chemicals added, I think they should label their products so people know if there are or not any chemicals submitted. Thanks for your time reading my letter, I hope you take this into consideration.
Sincerely,
Business Assignment
The True Canadian Superstore is located throughout Canada. It was originated in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan since March 1979. Superstore use to be called Super Valu until they changed the name in . There are approximately 107 superstores. 26 locations in Alberta, 25 locations in British Columbia, 11 locations in Manitoba, 38 locations in Alberta, 7 locations in Saskatchewan and 1 in Yukon. Superstore have some of there own products from President Choice and Joe’s clothing. President Choice produce food, home living room supplies and also lawn and garden. Joe’s clothing range from children’s to adults men and woman clothing. Superstore sells products from home, home & lifestyles, health, cosmetics, food etc. The also include an home electronics’ section and an pharmacy. Superstore is free to customers to shop. Anyone is welcome to shop there. There is no specific way to shop at Superstore. You do not a members cards. Their official website is http://superstore.ca. What I like about the site is at the beginning when you enter the website, it asks for your location, province and which store locater you’re looking for. Its easy for me and to other people that live in different provinces. When you enter the site, it has links that lead you to different categories. Its easy to look what you’re finding for. The site is legible and eye catching. Superstores Competitors are Wal-Mart, Safeway, Zellers, Sobeys Costco etc. Most of these stores are not so far from each other. These stores can hinder their business big time. Stealing is another problem. The company looses products and they’d have to pay for it. It could cause a problem later in the future.
Shaw Communication is another Canadian business. It was originated in Edmonton, Alberta in 1966. It was not known until the 1980s to 1990s. Shaw headquarters is located in Calgary, Alberta. There are Shaw towers in Vancouver, Edmonton, Calgary and Saskatoon. It provides service mostly in British Columbia and Alberta, with Smaller Services in Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Northwest Ontario. Shaw provides service for cable television, Internet and telephone. Shaw sells to customers in Canada only. Shaw lines only run in Canada. To have Shaw, you’d have to have a plan with them, and you pay monthly for whatever you’re entitled to having. Their official website is http://shaw.ca. That I like about the website that its eligible to read, simple and clear. Their links include About Shaw, Products & services, Customer care, investor locations and contact us. Their categories are organize and explain well about what they’re trying to sell. They also have a customer service that would help if any problems occur with your service. I like Shaw because I have this myself, and its been great since I’ve had it. I’m a Shaw customer myself. There biggest competition I believe is MTS. MTS is another Canadian service that provides service for cable television, Internet and telephone.
Grower Dircect flowers is an Aboriginal business that originated in Regina, Saskatchewan. Other shops throughout Canada are 3 in Regina, Saskatchewan and 1 in Moose Jaw, Manitoba. This business is small, its not known throughout Canada. Grower Direct flowers sell freshly cut flowers. They have varieties from tulips, roses, calla lilies, gerbera, to snap dragons, chrysanthemum, alstroemeria etc. They sell to anyone that order or need flowers. Open to anyone no membership. They even sell to other parts of the world off their website. You can pay by credit card, American Express, and Visa. Their officially website is http://reginaflowers.ca. Their website is very well thought out. Their links include, home, about us, flower gallery, season specials, flower varieties and contact us. They explain really well on how to take care of the flowers. Its very detailed and you could learn a lot of information on flowers off the site. Other competitors of this flower shops are Wascansa Flower shop, Lumsden florists, Gale’s florist etc. These shops are all in Regina.
Feather Child Gallery is an aboriginal business that is located in Regina, Saskatchewan. There is only 1 throughout Canada. The local headquarters are in Regina. This business is small. Feather Child Gallery produces aboriginal artwork like symbolism, wildlife portraits, vivid colors etc. There are fabulous hand carved cultures that symbolize something in the aboriginal life. The paintings are all painted by aboriginal artists. Feather Child Gallery sell to anyone in the world. You can order online on their website by MasterCard or Visa. Their official website is http://featherchildgallery.com. The website is nice, simple and plain. Legible to read, and the paintings and sculptures they have on the site are beautiful. I like how they thoroughly explain what each painting/sculpture meant. If you don’t understand, they’ll be a description to guide you along the way. The links are awesome, it’s a really well thought out site. Another art place that is similar to Feather Child Gallery is Isbister Art. It is located in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. Not far from Feather Child Gallery. They can be a competition to Feather Child. Because there art are so similar, they’d always be competition.
The True Canadian Superstore is located throughout Canada. It was originated in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan since March 1979. Superstore use to be called Super Valu until they changed the name in . There are approximately 107 superstores. 26 locations in Alberta, 25 locations in British Columbia, 11 locations in Manitoba, 38 locations in Alberta, 7 locations in Saskatchewan and 1 in Yukon. Superstore have some of there own products from President Choice and Joe’s clothing. President Choice produce food, home living room supplies and also lawn and garden. Joe’s clothing range from children’s to adults men and woman clothing. Superstore sells products from home, home & lifestyles, health, cosmetics, food etc. The also include an home electronics’ section and an pharmacy. Superstore is free to customers to shop. Anyone is welcome to shop there. There is no specific way to shop at Superstore. You do not a members cards. Their official website is http://superstore.ca. What I like about the site is at the beginning when you enter the website, it asks for your location, province and which store locater you’re looking for. Its easy for me and to other people that live in different provinces. When you enter the site, it has links that lead you to different categories. Its easy to look what you’re finding for. The site is legible and eye catching. Superstores Competitors are Wal-Mart, Safeway, Zellers, Sobeys Costco etc. Most of these stores are not so far from each other. These stores can hinder their business big time. Stealing is another problem. The company looses products and they’d have to pay for it. It could cause a problem later in the future.
Shaw Communication is another Canadian business. It was originated in Edmonton, Alberta in 1966. It was not known until the 1980s to 1990s. Shaw headquarters is located in Calgary, Alberta. There are Shaw towers in Vancouver, Edmonton, Calgary and Saskatoon. It provides service mostly in British Columbia and Alberta, with Smaller Services in Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Northwest Ontario. Shaw provides service for cable television, Internet and telephone. Shaw sells to customers in Canada only. Shaw lines only run in Canada. To have Shaw, you’d have to have a plan with them, and you pay monthly for whatever you’re entitled to having. Their official website is http://shaw.ca. That I like about the website that its eligible to read, simple and clear. Their links include About Shaw, Products & services, Customer care, investor locations and contact us. Their categories are organize and explain well about what they’re trying to sell. They also have a customer service that would help if any problems occur with your service. I like Shaw because I have this myself, and its been great since I’ve had it. I’m a Shaw customer myself. There biggest competition I believe is MTS. MTS is another Canadian service that provides service for cable television, Internet and telephone.
Grower Dircect flowers is an Aboriginal business that originated in Regina, Saskatchewan. Other shops throughout Canada are 3 in Regina, Saskatchewan and 1 in Moose Jaw, Manitoba. This business is small, its not known throughout Canada. Grower Direct flowers sell freshly cut flowers. They have varieties from tulips, roses, calla lilies, gerbera, to snap dragons, chrysanthemum, alstroemeria etc. They sell to anyone that order or need flowers. Open to anyone no membership. They even sell to other parts of the world off their website. You can pay by credit card, American Express, and Visa. Their officially website is http://reginaflowers.ca. Their website is very well thought out. Their links include, home, about us, flower gallery, season specials, flower varieties and contact us. They explain really well on how to take care of the flowers. Its very detailed and you could learn a lot of information on flowers off the site. Other competitors of this flower shops are Wascansa Flower shop, Lumsden florists, Gale’s florist etc. These shops are all in Regina.
Feather Child Gallery is an aboriginal business that is located in Regina, Saskatchewan. There is only 1 throughout Canada. The local headquarters are in Regina. This business is small. Feather Child Gallery produces aboriginal artwork like symbolism, wildlife portraits, vivid colors etc. There are fabulous hand carved cultures that symbolize something in the aboriginal life. The paintings are all painted by aboriginal artists. Feather Child Gallery sell to anyone in the world. You can order online on their website by MasterCard or Visa. Their official website is http://featherchildgallery.com. The website is nice, simple and plain. Legible to read, and the paintings and sculptures they have on the site are beautiful. I like how they thoroughly explain what each painting/sculpture meant. If you don’t understand, they’ll be a description to guide you along the way. The links are awesome, it’s a really well thought out site. Another art place that is similar to Feather Child Gallery is Isbister Art. It is located in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. Not far from Feather Child Gallery. They can be a competition to Feather Child. Because there art are so similar, they’d always be competition.
Tuesday, April 7, 2009
east vs. West
East Vs. West
New Transmission Line East of Lake Winnipeg or West.
1. Money
The world is all about money. When doing big projects like these, a large sum of money needs to be including in the project.
If we were to build a new transmission line down east of Lake Winnipeg, the route that we plan to build is not as long as the west. We’ll be cutting down less of the boreal forest on the east, compared to if it were to be built on the west side of Lake Winnipeg, Manitoba Conservative Leader Hugh McFayden said. The total route costs approximately 1.9 billion, 14 percent less than building the transmission line down the west side of Lake Winnipeg, costing up to 2.2 billion. We save 300 million. THAT 300 million could go to health care, educations or other direct benefits for future generations.
2. Peoples opinions/votes and First Nations
When we build this new transmission line, obviously people that have hydro is affected in the project also. We’ll be paying more after its built. Your hydro will increase slightly if to be built on the east side, but to build it on the west, the price will be greater since the tranmission line would be longer, wasting more energy. So if we were to build it down the west, people will be paying a lot more than on the east.
Also, various sites said that the first nationals on the east side did not want the transmission line interfering with their area, but cbc.ca indicating that they DO want the transmission line on their side. Why? Because the east side say that their area is being isolated and people living there are mostly in poverty. They have the highest suicide rate across Canada. The lack basic living standards. By bringing the hydro line to the east, it’ll increase jobs to some first nations, and hopefully increasing developments in the future.
68% viewers of the CFIB (Canadian federation of Independence Business) voted yes for building the hydro transmission line done the east. That’s more than half.
3. Economy
By building the transmission line down the east side of Lake Winnipeg, we’ll be cutting less trees than the west. By having it down the east side, the transmission line would not be as long as the west side meaning we’ll not be wasting as much energy flowing through the transmission line.
On the west side, a lot of the boreal forest HAS been cut down leaving less and less each time, environmentalists would like to maintain the forest on the west side since a large amount of the area has been cut down by road networks, hydro development etc. The east has a lot of boreal forests, so by cutting down not as much as the west side wouldn’t cause much damage since they’ve maintained such a well number of trees.
Also, Westside route places all of the main hydrolines closer together causing a higher risk of disrupted service by one disaster.
New Transmission Line East of Lake Winnipeg or West.
1. Money
The world is all about money. When doing big projects like these, a large sum of money needs to be including in the project.
If we were to build a new transmission line down east of Lake Winnipeg, the route that we plan to build is not as long as the west. We’ll be cutting down less of the boreal forest on the east, compared to if it were to be built on the west side of Lake Winnipeg, Manitoba Conservative Leader Hugh McFayden said. The total route costs approximately 1.9 billion, 14 percent less than building the transmission line down the west side of Lake Winnipeg, costing up to 2.2 billion. We save 300 million. THAT 300 million could go to health care, educations or other direct benefits for future generations.
2. Peoples opinions/votes and First Nations
When we build this new transmission line, obviously people that have hydro is affected in the project also. We’ll be paying more after its built. Your hydro will increase slightly if to be built on the east side, but to build it on the west, the price will be greater since the tranmission line would be longer, wasting more energy. So if we were to build it down the west, people will be paying a lot more than on the east.
Also, various sites said that the first nationals on the east side did not want the transmission line interfering with their area, but cbc.ca indicating that they DO want the transmission line on their side. Why? Because the east side say that their area is being isolated and people living there are mostly in poverty. They have the highest suicide rate across Canada. The lack basic living standards. By bringing the hydro line to the east, it’ll increase jobs to some first nations, and hopefully increasing developments in the future.
68% viewers of the CFIB (Canadian federation of Independence Business) voted yes for building the hydro transmission line done the east. That’s more than half.
3. Economy
By building the transmission line down the east side of Lake Winnipeg, we’ll be cutting less trees than the west. By having it down the east side, the transmission line would not be as long as the west side meaning we’ll not be wasting as much energy flowing through the transmission line.
On the west side, a lot of the boreal forest HAS been cut down leaving less and less each time, environmentalists would like to maintain the forest on the west side since a large amount of the area has been cut down by road networks, hydro development etc. The east has a lot of boreal forests, so by cutting down not as much as the west side wouldn’t cause much damage since they’ve maintained such a well number of trees.
Also, Westside route places all of the main hydrolines closer together causing a higher risk of disrupted service by one disaster.
Sunday, March 1, 2009
Short story; English
New Years to Remember
As I tossed around my bed, head pounding from the sound of the alarm clock ringing loudly as if someone was screaming in my ear, I roll over, eyes closed, banging on the alarm clock as hard as I can trying to push the “off” button. Its 12:22. I get out of bed still half asleep, washed up and turned on the computer. I walk to the kitchen, hoping my mother made some lunch. I take out the sand which she had left in the fridge. I take a seat on the kitchen counter, phone vibrating on my lap. It read, “A text from Alanna,” I sigh opening the text, “Come to my house to get ready, 6:30 tonight!” I laughed. A long pause of silence no movement whatsoever wondering, what’s tonight? “LIMO PARTY AND NEW YEARS PARTY AT JESSICA’S, AWESOME!” I yelled as it echoed throughout the whole house.
I’m the girl that’s known for her loudness, cheerfulness and happiness. I live in a completely new area; go to a completely different school, with completely different people for the past 6 months. I was literally starting a new life fresh. I thought I would be one of those losers that had no friends at school, and would have to eat in the bathroom every lunch, but I fitted in quite well with everyone at my new school. I love to go out, especially parties. Yes, I’m a party girl although I’m intelligent in school but have no common sense when you’d speak to me. Alanna is my best friend I met this year. It felt like fate brought us together when we first met. We share the same birthdays, and we have a lot of random things in common. My boyfriend is 5 months and 20 days younger than me, which aggravates me a lot, but I lie about his age telling everyone he’s 16. Funny isn’t it. Wait no, its actually pretty lame. My boyfriend had just left to Brazil 3 days ago, gone fore 2 weeks. Felt like I was a free bird coming out of her cage, ready to party.
Its 5:00, I take a shower, singing the song promise in the dark by Keri Hilson that’s been stuck in my head for hours. I get out, blows dry my hair, and pick out clothes to bring to Alana’s house to get ready because my parent’s would never let me out with what I were to wear that night.
I walk to Alanna’s house only 7 minutes away from my house. The dark night, wind swaying back and fourth and the sound of silence makes me feel calm. I love to walk in the night. It feels like no ones around, watching. Feels like you can do anything without anyone caring. I arrive at Alanna’s. Its 6:45. I walk into her house, no need to even knock on her door. I walk to her room trying to scare her, and there she is, in her underwear and bra. I shout, “EW Alanna! GO PUT SOME CLOTHES ON!” She looks at me with a startled look replying, “SHIT you scared me,” I laughed. “That’s the problem! I have nothing to wear,” she says with a frown on her face. “What are you wearing?” I pull out a black tube-top dress with a red cardigan. “Aw, that’s really cute.” She replies. I smile as I put on the make-up lying on her table. “Now, go put some clothes on,” “Are you ready yet?” Alanna yelled from her sister’s bedroom “we have to get to Jessica’s house before 7:30 or we won’t get on that limo bus!” “Just a minute,” I replied as I tried putting on those stubborn fake eyelashes. “Hurry, Hurry!” Alanna kept yelling. I let out a big sigh and ran to the door putting on my 2-inch stilettos. There already in the cab was Julie, waiting for us. Running into the cab, we all yell, “740 Eaglemere Drive, now!”
As the nerve of impulse ran through our bodies, feeling the excitement celebrating new years with a bunch of friends, we arrive right on right on the dot, 7:30. Limo waiting in front of Jessica’s house, our eyes wide open by how nice the limo looked in the dark night. “8.50” the cab driver said trying to snap us out. “What, oh yeah,” I said. “Here’s 10, keep the change.” We get out of the cab, people already leaving the house we yell, “WHAT UP! Where the party at?” “PARTY IN MY PANTS” A Random guy yells while laughing with his buddies. We laughed, he was ugly anyways.
As everyone enters the limo, drinks start coming out, people start dancing, the parties going. Everyone looking likes their having a good time, laughing, singing, dancing, drinking, and taking pictures and even hook-ups. The limo stops to pick up people on the way. As people enter, the bus continues to drive around. At the end of the limo bus, it stops at Jessica’s house to let us out. People not invited to the limo showed up at the after party at her house. As the night progressed, more people kept coming and coming. It was a full house. While more people came, drama erupted between people that weren’t fond of each other. Weapons came out, I ran in the middle of the fight trying to stop it putting my life at risk. My heart felt as if it fell out of my body when a Broken bottle was about to hit me. I screamed and ran out of the fight. As I ran, I heard a big clash of glass shatter on the ground. The party was out of control. People were trying to get out of the house as fast as they could before cops came. People breaking windows to get out. The neighbors got involved and called a police. Cops arrived just five minutes before new years. Alanna Grabbed my hand and said, “Hurry up. Jump out, we have to get out now.” I panicked, and jumped out. I was bare foot, running through snow above my knees. I was freezing. We met up with the rest of our friends on the way. Cops were surrounding the area, there was no where to go. When a copped passed by they’d glance at us with lights reflecting off their eyes. 5 minutes passed it was New years. My new years was spent outside, running from cops with no shoes. Since my boyfriend was in brazil, I had no new years kiss. We taxied back to Alanna’s house. I slept over that night. We talked about how bizarre our night was, we laughed and thought it was definitely a new years to remember.
As I tossed around my bed, head pounding from the sound of the alarm clock ringing loudly as if someone was screaming in my ear, I roll over, eyes closed, banging on the alarm clock as hard as I can trying to push the “off” button. Its 12:22. I get out of bed still half asleep, washed up and turned on the computer. I walk to the kitchen, hoping my mother made some lunch. I take out the sand which she had left in the fridge. I take a seat on the kitchen counter, phone vibrating on my lap. It read, “A text from Alanna,” I sigh opening the text, “Come to my house to get ready, 6:30 tonight!” I laughed. A long pause of silence no movement whatsoever wondering, what’s tonight? “LIMO PARTY AND NEW YEARS PARTY AT JESSICA’S, AWESOME!” I yelled as it echoed throughout the whole house.
I’m the girl that’s known for her loudness, cheerfulness and happiness. I live in a completely new area; go to a completely different school, with completely different people for the past 6 months. I was literally starting a new life fresh. I thought I would be one of those losers that had no friends at school, and would have to eat in the bathroom every lunch, but I fitted in quite well with everyone at my new school. I love to go out, especially parties. Yes, I’m a party girl although I’m intelligent in school but have no common sense when you’d speak to me. Alanna is my best friend I met this year. It felt like fate brought us together when we first met. We share the same birthdays, and we have a lot of random things in common. My boyfriend is 5 months and 20 days younger than me, which aggravates me a lot, but I lie about his age telling everyone he’s 16. Funny isn’t it. Wait no, its actually pretty lame. My boyfriend had just left to Brazil 3 days ago, gone fore 2 weeks. Felt like I was a free bird coming out of her cage, ready to party.
Its 5:00, I take a shower, singing the song promise in the dark by Keri Hilson that’s been stuck in my head for hours. I get out, blows dry my hair, and pick out clothes to bring to Alana’s house to get ready because my parent’s would never let me out with what I were to wear that night.
I walk to Alanna’s house only 7 minutes away from my house. The dark night, wind swaying back and fourth and the sound of silence makes me feel calm. I love to walk in the night. It feels like no ones around, watching. Feels like you can do anything without anyone caring. I arrive at Alanna’s. Its 6:45. I walk into her house, no need to even knock on her door. I walk to her room trying to scare her, and there she is, in her underwear and bra. I shout, “EW Alanna! GO PUT SOME CLOTHES ON!” She looks at me with a startled look replying, “SHIT you scared me,” I laughed. “That’s the problem! I have nothing to wear,” she says with a frown on her face. “What are you wearing?” I pull out a black tube-top dress with a red cardigan. “Aw, that’s really cute.” She replies. I smile as I put on the make-up lying on her table. “Now, go put some clothes on,” “Are you ready yet?” Alanna yelled from her sister’s bedroom “we have to get to Jessica’s house before 7:30 or we won’t get on that limo bus!” “Just a minute,” I replied as I tried putting on those stubborn fake eyelashes. “Hurry, Hurry!” Alanna kept yelling. I let out a big sigh and ran to the door putting on my 2-inch stilettos. There already in the cab was Julie, waiting for us. Running into the cab, we all yell, “740 Eaglemere Drive, now!”
As the nerve of impulse ran through our bodies, feeling the excitement celebrating new years with a bunch of friends, we arrive right on right on the dot, 7:30. Limo waiting in front of Jessica’s house, our eyes wide open by how nice the limo looked in the dark night. “8.50” the cab driver said trying to snap us out. “What, oh yeah,” I said. “Here’s 10, keep the change.” We get out of the cab, people already leaving the house we yell, “WHAT UP! Where the party at?” “PARTY IN MY PANTS” A Random guy yells while laughing with his buddies. We laughed, he was ugly anyways.
As everyone enters the limo, drinks start coming out, people start dancing, the parties going. Everyone looking likes their having a good time, laughing, singing, dancing, drinking, and taking pictures and even hook-ups. The limo stops to pick up people on the way. As people enter, the bus continues to drive around. At the end of the limo bus, it stops at Jessica’s house to let us out. People not invited to the limo showed up at the after party at her house. As the night progressed, more people kept coming and coming. It was a full house. While more people came, drama erupted between people that weren’t fond of each other. Weapons came out, I ran in the middle of the fight trying to stop it putting my life at risk. My heart felt as if it fell out of my body when a Broken bottle was about to hit me. I screamed and ran out of the fight. As I ran, I heard a big clash of glass shatter on the ground. The party was out of control. People were trying to get out of the house as fast as they could before cops came. People breaking windows to get out. The neighbors got involved and called a police. Cops arrived just five minutes before new years. Alanna Grabbed my hand and said, “Hurry up. Jump out, we have to get out now.” I panicked, and jumped out. I was bare foot, running through snow above my knees. I was freezing. We met up with the rest of our friends on the way. Cops were surrounding the area, there was no where to go. When a copped passed by they’d glance at us with lights reflecting off their eyes. 5 minutes passed it was New years. My new years was spent outside, running from cops with no shoes. Since my boyfriend was in brazil, I had no new years kiss. We taxied back to Alanna’s house. I slept over that night. We talked about how bizarre our night was, we laughed and thought it was definitely a new years to remember.
Ecozone; Geography
Ecozones
Taiga Shield Ecozone: Plains and hills of the Canadian Shield. It has long winters, average temperature of -25C and short summers of approx 12C. Rainfalls have a precipitation of 300 to 900 mm a year. Growing seasons are from 100 to 140 days. In the Taiga Shield, black spruce, jack pine, paper birch and trembling aspens are produced. The soils are thin, highly leached soils with bare rocks. The total population in this area is 37 000; The Total economic production in the ecozone (GDP) is $ 0.15 billion; lots of hunting, trapping, tourism and mineral development. Major Cities in the Taiga area are Yellowknife with 17 275 people. Uranium city, Happy Valley-Goose Bay. A town or city in this area located in Manitoba is Cariabou.
Hudson Plains Ecozone: Low-lying, swampy plains . Moderately long, cold winters, approx. -17C and moderately cool summers average 14C. Rainfalls have a precipitation of 400 to 700 mm yearly. Growing season are from 90 to 150 days. White and black spruce, tamarack and jack pine are grown in this area because its to cold to grow actual vegetation. Its soils are poorly developed organic and permafrost soils. The total population in this area is 12 000. GDP $0.1 billion. Activities in this area include hunting, trapping and recreation. Major cities in the Hudson Plains are Moosonee with a total population of 1939 people, Churchill and Attawapiskat. A town on city in the Hudson Plains located in Manitoba is Churchill.
Prairie Ecozone: Flat to rolling plains. Moderately long, cold winters, approx. -15C and moderately warm summers average 18C. Rainfalls have a precipitation of 250 to 700 mm yearly. Growing seasons are from 170 to 190 days. Short-grass prairie in dirt areas; long grass prairie in wetter areas; some trees; little natural vegetation are grown in the prairie. Its soils are rich, grassland soils. The total population in the Prairie ecozone is 3 980 000; GDP $90.8 Billion. Activities in this area include agriculture, urbanization, oil and gas development. Major cities in the Hudson Plains are Edmonton with a total population of 862 597 people, Calgary, Winnipeg, Regina and Saskatoon. A town on city in the Hudson Plains located in Manitoba is Winnipeg!
Boreal Shield Ecozone: Plains and low hills of the Canadian Shield. It has long winters, average temperature of -15C and short summers of approx 17C. Rainfalls have a precipitation of 400 to 1000 mm a year. Growing seasons are from 130 to 190 days. In the Boreal Shield, coniferous black and white spruce, jack pine, balsam fir mixed with deciduous yellow birch, sugar maple, black ash are produced. The soils are heavily, leached soils with bare rocks and swampy areas. The total population in this area is 2 900 000 people. The Total GDP is $ 49 billion; lots of forestry mining, tourism, recreation, and trapping. Major Cities in the Boreal shield are St. John’s with 17 051 people, Chicoutimi, Sudbury, Thompson etc. A town or city in this area located in Manitoba is Grand Rapids.
Boreal Plains Ecozone: Level to gently rolling plains. It has long, cold winters average temperature of -20C and short warm summers of approx 17C. Rainfalls have a precipitation of 450 mm a year. Growing seasons are from 130 to 165 days. In the Boreal Plain, coniferous forest (black and white spruce, jack pine, balsam fir and jack pine and tamarack mixed with deciduous aspen, polar and white birch are produced. The soils are rich soils formed under forests, march soils in some areas. The total population in this area is 745 000 people. The Total GDP is $ 13.7 billion; lots of forestry, farming, tourism, oil and gas. Major Cities in the Boreal plains are Hinton with 9 961 people, La Ronge, The Pas, Flin Flon etc. A town or city in this area located in Manitoba is The Pas.
Taiga Shield Ecozone: Plains and hills of the Canadian Shield. It has long winters, average temperature of -25C and short summers of approx 12C. Rainfalls have a precipitation of 300 to 900 mm a year. Growing seasons are from 100 to 140 days. In the Taiga Shield, black spruce, jack pine, paper birch and trembling aspens are produced. The soils are thin, highly leached soils with bare rocks. The total population in this area is 37 000; The Total economic production in the ecozone (GDP) is $ 0.15 billion; lots of hunting, trapping, tourism and mineral development. Major Cities in the Taiga area are Yellowknife with 17 275 people. Uranium city, Happy Valley-Goose Bay. A town or city in this area located in Manitoba is Cariabou.
Hudson Plains Ecozone: Low-lying, swampy plains . Moderately long, cold winters, approx. -17C and moderately cool summers average 14C. Rainfalls have a precipitation of 400 to 700 mm yearly. Growing season are from 90 to 150 days. White and black spruce, tamarack and jack pine are grown in this area because its to cold to grow actual vegetation. Its soils are poorly developed organic and permafrost soils. The total population in this area is 12 000. GDP $0.1 billion. Activities in this area include hunting, trapping and recreation. Major cities in the Hudson Plains are Moosonee with a total population of 1939 people, Churchill and Attawapiskat. A town on city in the Hudson Plains located in Manitoba is Churchill.
Prairie Ecozone: Flat to rolling plains. Moderately long, cold winters, approx. -15C and moderately warm summers average 18C. Rainfalls have a precipitation of 250 to 700 mm yearly. Growing seasons are from 170 to 190 days. Short-grass prairie in dirt areas; long grass prairie in wetter areas; some trees; little natural vegetation are grown in the prairie. Its soils are rich, grassland soils. The total population in the Prairie ecozone is 3 980 000; GDP $90.8 Billion. Activities in this area include agriculture, urbanization, oil and gas development. Major cities in the Hudson Plains are Edmonton with a total population of 862 597 people, Calgary, Winnipeg, Regina and Saskatoon. A town on city in the Hudson Plains located in Manitoba is Winnipeg!
Boreal Shield Ecozone: Plains and low hills of the Canadian Shield. It has long winters, average temperature of -15C and short summers of approx 17C. Rainfalls have a precipitation of 400 to 1000 mm a year. Growing seasons are from 130 to 190 days. In the Boreal Shield, coniferous black and white spruce, jack pine, balsam fir mixed with deciduous yellow birch, sugar maple, black ash are produced. The soils are heavily, leached soils with bare rocks and swampy areas. The total population in this area is 2 900 000 people. The Total GDP is $ 49 billion; lots of forestry mining, tourism, recreation, and trapping. Major Cities in the Boreal shield are St. John’s with 17 051 people, Chicoutimi, Sudbury, Thompson etc. A town or city in this area located in Manitoba is Grand Rapids.
Boreal Plains Ecozone: Level to gently rolling plains. It has long, cold winters average temperature of -20C and short warm summers of approx 17C. Rainfalls have a precipitation of 450 mm a year. Growing seasons are from 130 to 165 days. In the Boreal Plain, coniferous forest (black and white spruce, jack pine, balsam fir and jack pine and tamarack mixed with deciduous aspen, polar and white birch are produced. The soils are rich soils formed under forests, march soils in some areas. The total population in this area is 745 000 people. The Total GDP is $ 13.7 billion; lots of forestry, farming, tourism, oil and gas. Major Cities in the Boreal plains are Hinton with 9 961 people, La Ronge, The Pas, Flin Flon etc. A town or city in this area located in Manitoba is The Pas.
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